1. A luxuriant vine is Israel, who produces fruit for himself. Like the abundance of his fruit he has multiplied his altars. Like the goodness of his land, they made beautiful sacred pillars.
2. Their heart became smooth. Now they will bear their guilt. He will break down their altars. He will destroy their sacred pillars.
3. Surely now they will say: “We have no king, for we have not feared Adonai. The king—what can he do for us?”
4. They spoke words— empty oaths to make a covenant. But judgment springs up as hemlock in the furrows of the field.